Digital Twin: Enabling Technologies, Challenges and Open Research

Digital Twin technology is an emerging concept that has become the centre of\nattention for industry and, in more recent years, academia. The advancements in\nindustry 4.0 concepts have facilitated its growth, particularly in the\nmanufacturing industry. The Digital Twin is defined extensively but is best\ndescribed as the effortless integration of data between a physical and virtual\nmachine in either direction. The challenges, applications, and enabling\ntechnologies for Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things (IoT) and Digital\nTwins are presented. A review of publications relating to Digital Twins is\nperformed, producing a categorical review of recent papers. The review has\ncategorised them by research areas: manufacturing, healthcare and smart cities,\ndiscussing a range of papers that reflect these areas and the current state of\nresearch. The paper provides an assessment of the enabling technologies,\nchallenges and open research for Digital Twins.\n