[RESEARCH PROGRESS OF Hedgehog SIGNALING PATHWAY IN REGULATING BONE FORMATION AND OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF BONE MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS].

To summarize the research progress of the effects and mechanisms of Hedgehog signaling pathway in regulating bone formation and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).The related literature concerning the regulations and mechanism of Hedgehog signaling pathway in osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs and bone formation in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo studies in recent years was analyzed and summarized.The in vitro studies indicate that Hedgehog signaling pathway can promote osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via activation of key molecules Smoothened (Smo) and Gli1 which are downstream of Hedgehog signaling, and Hedgehog signaling can activate mTORC2-Akt signaling by upregulation of insulin-like growth factor which has similar effects. Hedgehog signaling regulates osteoblast differentiation via activation of Hh-Smo-Ptch1-Gli signaling pathway and inhibition of Hh-Gαi-RhoA stress fibre signaling. Hedgehog signaling can regulate key molecules of osteogenesis Runx2 for promoting osteogenic differentiation and matrix mineralization by synergism of bone morphogenetic protein and Wnt signaling, and promotes bone formation and repair and healing for bone defect and bone graft model in vivo.Hedgehog signaling can regulate bone formation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via activation of Hedgehog signaling and other signaling pathways. Hedgehog signaling pathway may be a potential target for developing treatment for bone related diseases of osteoporosis and fracture healing disorders.综述Hedgehog信号通路对骨形成及BMSCs成骨分化的调控及其分子机制。.查阅近年来Hedgehog通路在体内、体外及离体研究中对骨形成及BMSCs成骨分化调控的相关文献，并对其作用机制进行分析总结。.Hedgehog信号通路在体外研究中可通过激活下游关键分子Smoothened（Smo）及Gli1促进BMSCs成骨分化，并可通过IGF激活mTORC2-Akt信号产生类似作用；Hedgehog信号特殊结构鞭毛内运输蛋白80通过激活经典Hh-Smo-Ptch1-Gli信号、抑制非经典Hh-Gαi-RhoA应力纤维信号，调节成骨细胞的分化；应用新型Hedgehog信号激动剂Oxy133可激活Hedgehog信号。Hedgehog信号还可协同BMP及Wnt信号通路调控成骨关键分子Runx2促进细胞的成骨分化和基质矿化，并在体内研究及骨移植模型中促进骨形成及骨缺损修复愈合。.Hedgehog信号通路通过对自身或对其他信号及关键分子的调节对骨形成及BMSCs成骨分化进行调控，对Hedgehog信号进行靶向调控或可作为治疗某些骨相关疾病（如骨质疏松症和骨折愈合）的潜在研究方向及新靶点。.