Analysis of Aerobic Bacterial Strains Found in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction

INTRODUCTION Rhinosinusitis is a common disease affecting an estimated 14% of the population. Although there is general agreement in the literature regarding acute rhinosinusitis, chronic rhinosinusitis is not as well studied, and no consensus has been reached regarding the bacterial etiology. The goal of this study was to test chronic rhinosinusitis mucosal specimens using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for aerobic bacterial content and to compare the results with standard culture data. RESULTS Routine culture samples grew 50% aerobic bacteria, whereas PCR detected 62% aerobic bacteria contamination. CONCLUSION PCR detected more bacteria in mucosal samples than in standard culture, but standard culture of this mucosa reflects the general aerobic bacteria found in chronic rhinosinusitis, with no predominant species of aerobic bacteria. SIGNIFICANCE The analysis of chronic rhinosinusitis mucosa with the PCR method should give a more accurate picture of the bacteria found in chronic rhinosinusitis so that proper therapy can be instituted.