The influences of foaming temperature,nucleating agent,blowing agent,foaming pressure, foaming time on the cellular morphology of PVA foaming materials by one-step compression molding of chemical foaming were discussed.The results showed when the foaming temperature was 220℃,the blowing agent content was 1.5 phr,the foaming pressure was higher than 12MPa,and the foaming time was between 4 and 6 minutes with nucleating agent addition,the cellular morphology and mechanical properties of the foaming materials were better.