On the Structure, Function and Development of Metacognition

Metacognition is about cognition of cognition. It is the individual's self-awareness, self-examination, self-evaluation and self-regulation in the process of cognition. It consists of metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive experience and metacognitive monitoring which have connections between each other and cannot be separated. Metacognition has the character of self-consciousness, regulation, activity, feedback, validity, transferability of ability, etc. Its substance is the individual's self-consciousness and self-regulation to cognitive activity. The level of metacognitive development directly restricts the development of individual's intelligence and affects the efficiency of individual's cognition. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop the metacognition of the students, and increase their level of metacognitive development in order to teach them how to study and promote their intelligent development.