The term “political economics” was first introduced by Moncletian, representative of French mercantilists. After that it has been a long time when it was widely accepted, substituted with “economics” and replaced by a variety of terms, such as system-based economics, property-right-based economics, macroeconomics, microeconomics, matheconomics, information economics and whatever. In order to reidentify “political economics”, we must continue to firmly keep Marxist political economics always in the leading place, strengthen teaching and study of Western economics. Moreover, under the leadership of China Academy of Social Sciences and Ministry of Education, economicists all over the country must be organized to carry out innovative studies of Marxist economics so as to develop a Chinese-characteristic socialist economics to be taught in colleges.