To develop a rapid method for the identification of Yersinia pestis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), We select six pair of primers to amplify the special sequence of Yersinia pestis. Other relative enteric pathogenic bacteria DNA are amplified as control. The amplicons of Yersinia pestis DNA are the same with the anticipative products. We can not get target amplicons while amplifying other relative enteric pathogenic bacteria DNA. Sequence the PCR amplicons and compare them with other genomes by BLAST, we do not find any sequences which are the same with them. So this method is special and rapid and can identify Yersinia pestis. It is useful for identification of Yersinia pestis.