贾纳斯激酶
托法替尼
医学
斑秃
鲁索利替尼
STAT蛋白
JAK-STAT信号通路
Janus激酶抑制剂
脱发
临床试验
癌症研究
免疫学
药理学
信号转导
内科学
车站3
细胞因子
皮肤病科
酪氨酸激酶
受体
生物
类风湿性关节炎
细胞生物学
骨髓
骨髓纤维化
作者
Erika L Crowley,Shamone C Fine,Kathleen Kwan Katipunan,Melinda Gooderham
标识
DOI:10.1177/1203475418824079
摘要
Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder that targets hair follicle epithelium, thereby restricting hair growth in localized patches. Although several therapies for AA have been tested, responses with traditional therapies have been limited. In recent years, numerous reports have been published of patients with AA responding to Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. This literature review aims to describe AA pathophysiology, explore how and why JAK inhibitors can be used for AA treatment, and review published case reports, case series, and open-label studies published to date. Pathogenesis of AA includes interactions between genetic, environmental, and immune factors and is mediated by the cytokines interferon-γ and interleukin (IL)-15. JAK inhibition resulting in hair regrowth in some cases supports that AA is associated with the Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) signaling pathway. The emergence of JAK inhibitors for AA therapy is changing the way health care providers think about and treat AA. A mixture of animal model studies and human case studies have reported the use of baricitinib (JAK 1/2), ruxolitinib (JAK 1/2), and tofacitinib (JAK 1/3) for the management of AA. JAK inhibition has shown potential as an effective AA therapy when used in case studies, case series, and open-label trials. Formal clinical trials are ongoing and will yield more definitive conclusions about the safety and efficacy of JAK inhibitors.
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