The bidirectional influence between type 2 diabetes mellitus and the state of depression and anxiety

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent chronic disease with several complications that has a negative impact on patients' physical and mental health. People's life pressures are increasing as the society develop, resulting in a series of adverse emotions. If it is not paid attention to for a long time, it will lead to depression, anxiety, and other mental disorders. Depression and anxiety can occur separately or simultaneously, both of which are highly correlated. In recent years, the incidence of T2DM with the state of depression and anxiety has increased significantly. According to recent research, the state of depression and anxiety might increase the prevalence of T2DM and accelerate its progression by influencing patient's behavioral style and biological mechanisms. T2DM can also aggravate patients' state of depression and anxiety, worsening their life quality. However, few reviews have discussed the association between T2DM and the state of depression and anxiety. In order to reduce the prevalence of the two diseases, we ought to investigate them more thoroughly so that readers can recognize the close connection between the two and take appropriate interventions. Therefore, this article mainly discusses the interaction between T2DM and the state of depression and anxiety from behavioral and biological mechanisms, the effects of common hypoglycemic drugs on the state of depression and anxiety, and the effects of antidepressant anxiety treatments on T2DM. These three aspects are intended to shed light on the interaction between the two so as to find the appropriate interventions to reduce morbidity.