Hole transport layers performance analysis of lead-free perovskite solar cell using scaps-1D

Abstract Lead-free (Pb-free) perovskite solar cell (PVSC) was studied using solar cell capacitor simulator (Scaps-1D). We utilized spiro-OMeTaD-HTL and NiO-HTL to compare between the performance of the devices. The device architecture, FTO/TiO 2 /Cs 2 TiI 6 /Spiro-OMeTaD/Au attained high Performance parameters of Voc as 0.95V, Jsc as 16.58mA/cm 2 , F.F as 78.51%, and PCE as 12.36%, at the optimum absorber layer of 0.7μm, compared to NiO-HTL of Voc as 1.52V, Jsc as 13.02mA/cm 2 , F.F as 91.42% and PCE as 17.48% at the optimum absorber layer of 0.4μm. The thicknesses have been varied from 0.1μm to 1.0μm. Moreover, when the thicknesses increase from minimum to maximum, a good number of electron-hole pair is generated in the processes. Thus, a highest quantum efficiency, Q.E of about 92% and 82% for spiro-OMeTaD-HTL and NiO-HTL devices are visible in the wavelength ranges of 320nm – 370nm, and 340nm – 380nm, also at the photon energy ranges of 3.5eV – 3.8eV, and 3.4eV – 3.8eV respectively. Besides, NiO is highly recommended as the HTL material layer is this study, due to its excellent performance compared to spiro-OMeTaD HTL layer. This study minimized the problem of stability and toxicity issues of using lead (Pb) in PVSC as it’s very toxic to the surrounding environment.