Surfactant administration and cerebral oxygenation and perfusion in preterm neonates − A systematic review of literature

Surfactant replacement is standard for preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome, improving survival and outcomes. Less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) and intubation-surfactant-extubation (INSURE) are preferred methods for surfactant replacement in spontaneously breathing preterm neonates. Despite the undeniable benefits of surfactant implementation in neonatal care, surfactant administration can affect vital parameters and cerebral oxygenation and perfusion, assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).