Chinese Diaspora in Southeast Asia and the Establishment and the Change of Chinese Ethnic Schooling Therein: From the end of the Qing Dynasty to before 1949

This paper examines the development and change of the Chinese education in Southeast Asian countries since the end of the Qing Dynasty, when nationalism and national identity sprouted and grew. I scrutinize the diaspora education in relation with the home country and also in the context of local Chinese community. Overseas Chinese diaspora education reflects various issues in Southeast Asia, including nationality, ethnicity, hometown, adaptation, generational change, and dual nationality. In the paper, as the background of modern Chinese education in many Southeast Asian countries, I discuss the aspects of educational reform in China and how they were linked to the overseas Chinese education system since the end of the 19th century, and record the actual progress in Southeast Asian countries. By doing so, this study aims to read the relationship between the changing Chinese diaspora generation's recognition of 'China' along with changes in Southeast Asian Chinese society projected on the progress of diaspora education.