18-Residue Peptaibols Produced by the Sponge-Derived Trichoderma sp. GXIMD 01001

Seven new 18-residue peptaibols, trichorzins A–G (1–7), were isolated from the sponge-derived fungus Trichoderma sp. GXIMD 01001. Their structures and configurations were characterized by a comprehensive interpretation of the NMR spectroscopic data, MS/MS fragmentation, Marfey's method, and ECD analysis. The general sequences of trichorzins A–G are as follows: Ac-Aib1-Ala/Ser2-Ala3-Aib/Iva4-Iva5-Gln6-Aib/Iva7-Val/allo-Ile8-Aib9-Gly10-Leu11-Aib12-Pro13-Leu14-Aib15-Aib16-Gln17-Trpol/Pheol18. The obtained compounds were assessed for their potential antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities. All obtained compounds did not show potent antibacterial activity but exhibited significant cytotoxicity, with the lowest IC50 values at 0.46–4.7 μM against four human carcinoma cell lines.