神经科学
脑血流
平衡
神经血管束
冲程(发动机)
疾病
医学
生物
血脑屏障
中枢神经系统
病理
心脏病学
内科学
机械工程
工程类
摘要
The structural and functional integrity of the brain depends on the delicate balance between substrate delivery through blood flow and energy demands imposed by neural activity. Complex cerebrovascular control mechanisms ensure that active brain regions receive an adequate amount of blood, but the nature of these mechanisms remains elusive. Recent findings implicate perivascular neurons, gliovascular interactions and intramural vascular signalling in the control of the cerebral microcirculation. Neurons, astrocytes and vascular cells seem to constitute a functional unit, the primary purpose of which is to maintain the homeostasis of the brain's microenvironment. Alterations of these vascular regulatory mechanisms lead to brain dysfunction and disease. The emerging view is that cerebrovascular dysregulation is a feature not only of cerebrovascular pathologies, such as stroke, but also of neurodegenerative conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease.
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