In situ alloying reaction for constructing rich magnesiophilic sites toward highly stable and high-rate rechargeable magnesium batteries

A vacuum thermal evaporation technology constructs an ultra-flat Bi nanoparticle interface on the Mg (Bi@Mg), which forms an in situ Mg 3 Bi 2 alloy layer with magnesiophilic sites to accelerate Mg 2+ transport and induce uniform Mg deposition.