Bacterial-engineered self-stabilizing ultra-small AgCu nanoparticles for dual antimicrobial-anticancer therapy

release via oxidative dissolution in saline environments, followed by PVP/PVA and bacterial biomolecule-mediated re-nucleation. The US-AgCu NPs demonstrate synergistic therapeutic advantages: Enhanced antibacterial potency compared to parent NPs; pH-selective cytotoxicity; Reusable antimicrobial performance over multiple cycles with minimal resistance development; Long-term stability. This bio-derived strategy achieves kilogram-scale production of therapeutic NPs via continuous fermentation, addressing critical challenges in nanomaterial manufacturing for combating antimicrobial resistance and malignancies.