Application of interdisciplinary nursing care based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery in geriatric hip arthroplasty: a prospective study

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of interdisciplinary nursing care based on the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) during the perioperative period of geriatric hip arthroplasty. Methods: A prospective, single-centre, randomised, evaluator-blinded, case-control study was conducted involving 80 patients diagnosed with femoral neck fractures who underwent total hip arthroplasty from October 2021 to May 2023. Patients were randomly assigned to a control or experimental group (40 patients each). Clinical and surgery-related data were collected and compared between the 2 groups. Critical assessments included the Harris Hip Score (HHS), Barthel Index (BI), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Caprini thrombosis risk scale. Results: No significant differences between the 2 groups in baseline characteristics such as age, gender, BMI, surgery time, and complication rates ( p > 0.05). The experimental group had shorter durations for catheter removal and postoperative ambulation ( p < 0.05). Preoperative HHS and BI scores were similar in both groups, but at 1 week, 1 month, and 6 months postoperatively, the experimental group showed significantly higher HHS, BI, and BBS scores ( p < 0.05). Anxiety levels (BAI) and thrombosis risk scores were comparable at all time points, except for significantly lower Caprini thrombosis and NRS pain scores in the experimental group at 1 month ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Interdisciplinary nursing care based on the ERAS concept improves joint function recovery and self-care abilities and shortens mobilisation time in geriatric hip arthroplasty patients, promoting enhanced overall recovery.