Bioengineered microbial strains for detoxification of toxic environmental pollutants

生物修复 污染物 危险废物 环境修复 环境科学 土壤污染 污染 杀虫剂 环境污染 环境化学 人类健康 污染 有害空气污染物 环境保护 废物管理 土壤水分 化学 生物 生态学 环境卫生 工程类 医学 土壤科学
作者
Quratulain Maqsood,Aleena Sumrin,Rafia Waseem,Maria Hussain,Mehwish Imtiaz,Nazim Hussain
出处
期刊:Environmental Research [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:227: 115665-115665 被引量:44
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2023.115665
摘要

Industrialization and other anthropogenic human activities pose significant environmental risks. As a result of the hazardous pollution, numerous living organisms may suffer from undesirable diseases in their separate habitats. Bioremediation, which removes hazardous compounds from the environment using microbes or their biologically active metabolites, is one of the most successful remediation approaches. According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), deteriorating soil health negatively impacts food security and human health over time. Soil health restoration is critical right now. Microbes are widely known for their importance in cleaning up toxins present in the soil, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and hydrocarbons. However, the capacity of local bacteria to digest these pollutants is limited, and the process takes an extended time. Genetically modified organisms (GMOs), whose altered metabolic pathways promote the over-secretion of a variety of proteins favorable to the bioremediation process, can speed up the breakdown process. The need for remediation procedures, degrees of soil contamination, site circumstances, broad adoptions, and numerous possibilities occurring at various cleaning stages are all studied in detail. Massive efforts to restore contaminated soils have also resulted in severe issues. This review focuses on the enzymatic removal of hazardous pollutants from the environment, such as pesticides, heavy metals, dyes, and plastics. There are also in-depth assessments of present discoveries and future plans for efficient enzymatic degradation of hazardous pollutants.
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