Designing a hybrid PV/FC/wind for economic study using modified ruddy turnstone optimization algorithm

This paper outlines the optimal design of a hybrid system that includes wind turbines, solar panels, and a fuel cell to successfully meet the load's requirements. All cost components of the system, including load loss and expenditure for operation and maintenance, have been taken into consideration. A modified version of Ruddy Turnstone Optimization Algorithm is applied to determine the ideal equipment capacity for the hybrid system. Comparison and analysis are done between the optimization results and the outcomes obtained through evolutionary techniques. Moreover, the proposed technique is tested on a case study from Egypt and a comparison is made with existing Hybrid Firefly/Harmony Search method from literature. According to the results, both modified Ruddy Turnstone Optimization and Hybrid Firefly/Harmony Search methods have produced satisfactory outcomes. While the production cost slightly increased using the Hybrid Firefly/Harmony Search methodology, the system's dependability level has improved significantly, thereby ensuring reliable load supply. The results of a loss of power supply possibility comparison using 0.5%, 1%, and 2% of the modified Turnstone Optimization algorithm versus Hybrid Firefly/Harmony Search method approach yields a minimum cost of energy of 0.0798, 0.0739, and 0.0573 $/kWh, respectively.