Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles in Bone and Biomaterials

Calcium phosphate nanoparticles play a key role in the formation of bone in nature. Although there is significant variation between different types of bone, inorganic components in the primary structure of bone are nano calcium phosphates. Nano-calcium phosphates can confer on bone remarkable mechanical property and bioactivity. In living organisms, inorganic nano calcium phosphate particles, under the control of an organic matrix, can combine into self-assembled biominerals. The in vitro experiments have demonstrated the improved biocompatibility of calcium phosphates in their nano forms. Greater cell proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) is frequently induced by smaller hydroxyapatite(HAP) nanoparticles. HAP improved a better differentiation for MSCs than the amorphous one, ACP, when they are in the same size distribution. Due to its excellent biocompatibility, it is suggest that nano-HAP may be developed as an ideal biomaterial in bone tissue engineering and biomedicine.