Mechanisms of Adhesive–Cohesive Interaction of Bacteria in the Formation of Biofilm

A significant part of the life of bacteria takes place as part of organized microbial communities—biofilms, the importance of which for the microworld can hardly be overestimated. Infections of humans and animals are largely mediated by biofilms formed by pathogenic bacteria. Their adverse effect is associated with industrial and technological risks, as well as reduced quality and contamination of food products. In recent decades, research has focused on studying the mechanisms of formation of bacterial biofilms to develop effective strategies for inhibiting the process of its formation or destruction. The authors, in studying the problem of inhibiting the formation of biofilms, made an attempt to present modern knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of its formation and the adhesive–cohesive interactions of bacteria. The knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the adhesive-co-adhesive interaction of bacteria has become the basis for creating global strategies aimed at inhibiting the formation of biofilms that are currently used.