The management of non-vital immature permanent incisors

The management of pulp necrosis in an immature permanent incisor can pose a significant challenge with regards to both operator technique and patient management. The main aim of this paper is to outline techniques described in the endodontic management of the immature incisor: calcium hydroxide apexification; one-visit apexification; and root revascularization. Clinical Relevance: With 5% of 8-year-olds in the UK reported to have evidence of trauma to the permanent incisors,1an awareness of the challenges posed and techniques available for management is essential for general dental practitioners, should these teeth subsequently become non-vital.