The article presents the results of a survey of 84 women diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis on the basis of criteria of Amsel. The frequency of detection of various microorganisms/groups of microorganisms present in the vaginal microbiocenosis when different diagnostic criteria for bacterial vaginosis Amsel. Structure and diversity vaginal microbiocenosis assessed using molecular PCR in real time. Bacterial vaginosis is polyetiology syndrome. However, the search for individual bacteria and their combinations in bacterial vaginosis is an actual problem of modern researchers.