Therapeutic applications of mesenchymal cells derived from human placenta: A comprehensive meta-review

There has been an increase in the incidence of diseases and injuries which has encouraged the advancements in treatments that could repair tissues as well as minimize the dependence on organ transplantation and tissue loss. Regenerative medicine based on stem cells is a newer integrative domain that has the potential to facilitate the regeneration of diseased and damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells can be effectively exploited for medical purposes with no severe challenges, according to a wide range of literature as well as long-term human and animal studies conducted on them. Amongst several types of stem cells, placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells possess unique immunomodulatory characteristics as well as the potential to differentiate into various cell types, which make them suitable candidates for cellular therapies for many chronic diseases including cancers, heart and liver disorders, ulcers, bone damage, and neurological diseases, etc. The present study thus aims at providing a comprehensive overview of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells, their types, and potentially therapeutic for various chronic and non-chronic diseases. Recent pre-clinical and clinical studies conducted on them have also been incorporated.