Transforming Biospecimen Management: A Roadmap for Integrated Sample Traceability in the Era of Global Research

Addressing biobank sample access and traceability requires a shift from an institution-centric to an ecosystem-wide approach. Its success depends on integrating technological solutions such as Blockchain, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence with governance frameworks while ensuring alignment with stakeholder needs. Future developments should focus on implementing integrated traceability systems that support transparent and accountable sample management across the global research ecosystem.