Green tea prepared via the daily infusion method prevents non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by targeting intestinal lipid absorption, hepatic lipid metabolism and gut microbiota composition

pancreatic lipase assay further demonstrated that GTE and catechins, especially gallate catechins, showed strong inhibitory effects on lipase activity. Furthermore, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major bioactive compound of GTE, inhibited hepatic lipogenesis by increasing the level of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) in Hepa 1-6 cells. Finally, 16S rRNA sequencing of gut bacteria revealed that GTE reduced the p_Firmicutes/p_Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio increased by the WD and modified gut microbiota composition. In summary, daily intake of GTE attenuated WD-induced NAFLD by inhibiting intestinal lipid absorption, modulating hepatic lipid metabolism and regulating gut microbiota composition. These results suggest that daily consumption of green tea prepared by the daily infusion method might contribute to preventing NAFLD.