Eliminating the effect of pH: Dual-matrix modulation adsorbent enables efficient lithium extraction from concentrated seawater

Lithium ion sieve adsorbents frequently extract liquid lithium resources due to their adsorption effect and cost advantages. However, the adsorption effect is significantly influenced by the ambient pH. The pH effects on the adsorption process can be categorized into two main areas: the competition adsorption of impurity ions and the difference in surface zeta potential. A dual-matrix modulation adsorbent was prepared, comprising a carrier matrix modified with zwitterionic quaternary ammonium bases and an adsorption matrix modified with carboxylation. The zwitterionic quaternary ammonium base groups were employed to mitigate the competitive adsorption of impurity ions by acid-base neutralization. Furthermore, the negative charge of carboxyl groups was employed to diminish the discrepancy in surface zeta potential. The adsorption effect of the ion sieve adsorbent under natural conditions appeared to be significantly enhanced by the dual-matrix modulation, with the saturated adsorption capacity (28 mg/g) and adsorption selectivity (α(Li