Soil-structure interaction in seismic response and structural performance: A systematic review

This review explores the influence of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic response of structures, employing Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to identify research trends and thematic clusters. Key topics include the dynamic response of buildings, nonlinear modeling approaches, soil-foundation interaction, and performance-based seismic evaluation. SSI significantly modifies structural behavior, influencing vibration characteristics, wave propagation, and energy dissipation. Building parameters, soil stiffness, and foundation type were identified as critical factors impacting seismic performance. Advanced nonlinear modeling techniques, such as finite element analysis and optimization algorithms, have enhanced the accuracy of SSI simulations, enabling detailed assessments of soil-structure dynamics and damage probabilities. Innovations like gravel-rubber mixtures for seismic isolation and tuned mass dampers integrated with SSI were highlighted for their effectiveness in mitigating seismic impacts. The review highlights the necessity of incorporating SSI into design frameworks to address dynamic amplification, site-specific conditions, and fragility variations. However, critical gaps remain, particularly in large-scale fragility modeling, multi-hazard assessments, and experimental validations. These gaps highlight the need for further integration of SSI effects into seismic risk analyses and design codes. Future research should prioritize multi-disciplinary approaches that bridge theoretical advancements and practical applications to enhance structural resilience in seismically active regions. This study provides a comprehensive foundation for advancing SSI-informed seismic design practices and improving the safety and sustainability of infrastructure.