阳极
法拉第效率
过电位
成核
材料科学
集电器
化学工程
电极
图层(电子)
阴极
电镀(地质)
锂(药物)
枝晶(数学)
电化学
电解质
沉积(地质)
纳米技术
电流密度
化学
物理
有机化学
古生物学
物理化学
内分泌学
工程类
地质学
几何学
生物
医学
量子力学
数学
地球物理学
沉积物
作者
Gaoxu Huang,Shengrui Chen,Pingmei Guo,Runming Tao,Kecheng Jie,Ben Liu,Xinfang Zhang,Jiyuan Liang,Yuan‐Cheng Cao
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2020.125122
摘要
Metallic lithium is considered as the optimal anode material for the high-energy–density rechargeable lithium-based battery. However, the commercial application of Li metal anode is plagued by uncontrollable dendrites growth and unstable SEI layer derived from the nonuniform nucleation and undesired deposition process. Herein, a hybrid 3D porous Ni foam (NF) current collector decorated by nanostructured lithiophilic layer of interconnected NiFx nanosheets is firstly synthesized by a convenient one-step fluorination strategy. Benefiting from superior lithiophilicity, the NiFx nanosheets can successfully decrease the Li nucleation barrier and act as uniformly distributed nucleation sites for inducing the homogeneous Li deposition. In addition, the interconnected morphology of the NiFx nanosheets and the 3D porous structure of the NF effectively reduce the local current density of the electrode and thus alleviate the dendrites formation. Moreover, a LiF-enriched SEI layer in situ generated from the electrochemical reaction also facilitates the smooth Li plating. As a result, this 3D hybrid NiFx@NF current collector demonstrates dendrite-suppressed Li deposition morphology and excellent stripping/plating reversibility, presenting significantly enhanced Coulombic efficiency of ~ 98% over 450 cycles at 1 mA cm−2. Remarkably, symmetric cell with [email protected]x@NF anode achieves a prolonged cycling lifespan over 1300 h together with a low overpotential of ~ 20 mV at 1 mA cm−2 under the cycling capacity of 1 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, excellent cycling performance and rate capability of the [email protected]x@NF anode are also realized in full cells when coupled with LiFePO4 and Li4Ti5O12 cathodes. Our work not only provides an expeditious fluorination strategy to construct 3D fluorinated compound but also illustrates the superiority of synergetic design of lithiophilic sites plus LiF-enriched SEI layer for the current collector of Li metal anode.
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