Enhanced wound healing through hydrogel: and in carboxymethyl cellulose/ carboxymethyl chitosan/gelatin matrix with decellularized amniotic membrane in male Wistar rats

Objectives: Wound healing requires effective biomaterials to overcome the limitations of conventional treatments, especially for full-thickness injuries. This study introduces an innovative hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), and gelatin (Gel), enhanced with extracts from (AP) and (CV). The matrix is further integrated with decellularized amniotic membranes to enhance therapeutic effects. Materials and methods: Hydrogels were formulated, crosslinked using 1-Ethyl-3-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDAC), and incorporated with 1% of either AP, CV, or both extracts. The scaffold was subjected to cell viability, red blood cell hemolysis, blood clotting index, and assays. The physical and chemical properties of the scaffolds were also evaluated using weight loss, swelling ratio, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. To analyze wound healing under conditions, 36 male Wistar rats were used, and histopathological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Conclusion: The hydrogels demonstrated strong potential for skin repair, exhibiting good biocompatibility and controlled release; further refinement of the extracts and materials is suggested.