The Food and Microbiome Longitudinal Investigation (FAMiLI) Study: An Asian American–Enriched Multiethnic Environmental Cohort

BACKGROUND: More than 90% of Asian American (AsA) adults are first- or second-generation immigrants, undergoing substantial environmental and sociocultural transitions; yet most environmental epidemiology cohorts have included few AsA participants. METHODS: The Food and Microbiome Longitudinal Investigation (FAMiLI) is an environmental health cohort enriched with AsA adults (predominantly Korean and Chinese American) and designed to capture environmental exposures, dietary acculturation, and sociocultural factors across immigration generations. Its biobank-including buccal and stool specimens-supports research on the oral and gut microbiomes, human genomics, and other multiomics. RESULTS: Since its launch in 2018, FAMiLI has completed baseline recruitment and biospecimen collection for 13,183 adults 40 to 75 years of age. The cohort is now expanding to include an additional 3,000 AsA adults, bringing the total to approximately 16,000 participants, with an expected distribution of ∼50% AsA and ∼50% from other racial/ethnic groups. This expansion provides an opportunity to examine AsA environmental health experiences within the broader US context. CONCLUSIONS: FAMiLI is a unique national resource to address priority questions in environmental health, including microbiome and exposome science, individual susceptibility, and large-scale data analytics. IMPACT: The cohort supports investigation of critical windows of environmental change across the immigration experience, racial and ethnic disparities, and drivers of emerging health outcomes, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other outcomes. This cohort offers essential data to inform prevention strategies and shape public health policy to improve health outcomes in AsA communities.