Advances in high‐resolution mass spectrometry techniques for analysis of high mass‐to‐charge ions

Abstract A major challenge in modern mass spectrometry (MS) is achieving high mass resolving power and accuracy for precision analyses in high mass‐to‐charge ( m / z ) regions. To advance the capability of MS for increasingly demanding applications, understanding limitations of state‐of‐the‐art techniques and their status in applied sciences is essential. This review summarizes important instruments in high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and related advances to extend their working range to high m / z regions. It starts with an overview of HRMS techniques that provide adequate performance for macromolecular analysis, including Fourier‐transform, time‐of‐flight (TOF), quadrupole‐TOF, and related data‐processing techniques. Methodologies and applications of HRMS for characterizing macromolecules in biochemistry and material sciences are summarized, such as top‐down proteomics, native MS, drug discovery, structural virology, and polymer analyses.