绿色荧光蛋白
荧光
荧光团
维多利亚多管发光水母
分子
生物物理学
激发态
化学
突变体
麦克赫里
光毒性
荧光蛋白
光化学
材料科学
纳米技术
物理
光学
生物
生物化学
有机化学
核物理学
基因
体外
作者
Robert M. Dickson,A B Cubitt,Roger Y. Tsien,W. E. Moerner
出处
期刊:Nature
[Springer Nature]
日期:1997-07-01
卷期号:388 (6640): 355-358
被引量:1231
摘要
Optical studies of individual molecules at low and room temperature can provide information about the dynamics of local environments in solids, liquids and biological systems unobscured by ensemble averaging. Here we present a study of the photophysical behaviour of single molecules of the green fluorescent protein (GFP) derived from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. Wild-type GFP and its mutant have attracted interest as fluorescent biological labels because the fluorophore may be formed in vivo. GFP mutants immobilized in aereated aqueous polymer gels and excited by 488-nm light undergo repeated cycles of fluorescent emission ('blinking') on a timescale of several seconds-behaviour that would be unobservable in bulk studies. Eventually the individual GFP molecules reach a long-lasting dark state, from which they can be switched back to the original emissive state by irradiation at 405 nm. This suggests the possibility of using these GFPs as fluorescent markers for time-dependent cell processes, and as molecular photonic switches or optical storage elements, addressable on the single-molecule level.
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