An FPGA+STM32-based online lightning current monitoring terminal

Abstract To address the low sampling frequency, poor clock accuracy, high power costs, and limited endurance of current lightning monitoring systems, this paper proposes a self-powered lightning current monitoring terminal. The terminal employs an FPGA+STM32 architecture, combining the high-speed data processing capabilities of FPGA with STM32’s multitasking capacity, enabling it to achieve transient lightning signal waveform recognition, high-speed sampling, data storage, and wireless communication. This provides essential data support for lightning protection in power lines. Furthermore, a hybrid power scheme that integrates online energy harvesting with storage batteries ensures the stable and reliable operation of the monitoring terminal in remote areas.