Determination of <em>cis,cis-</em> and <em>cis,trans-</em>Muconic Acid from Biological Conversion: Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP)

Muconic acid is an important platform molecule for production of bio-based polymers. To date, cis,cis-muconic acid (ccMA) has been produced from multiple types of carbon sources including carbohydrates and aromatic compounds via cultivation with genetically engineered microbes. Accurate analysis of muconic acid has previously been a challenge due to ccMA isomerization into cis,trans-muconic acid (ctMA). This Laboratory Analytical Procedure (LAP) is used to separately quantify ccMA and ctMA as the total sum of muconic acid present in the liquid fraction of pretreated biological samples.