The Role of Extracellular Matrix in Wound Healing

BACKGROUND: Extracellular matrix communicates with surrounding cells to maintain skin homeostasis and modulate multiple cellular processes including wound healing. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the dynamic composition and potential roles of extracellular matrix in normal skin, wound healing process, and abnormal skin scarring. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literature review was performed to identify relevant publications pertaining to the extracellular matrix deposition in normal skin and wound healing process, as well as in abnormal scars. RESULTS: A summary of the matrix components in normal skin is presented. Their primary roles in hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases of wound healing are briefly discussed. Identification of novel extracellular matrix in keloids is also provided. CONCLUSION: Abnormal scarring remains a challenging condition with unmet satisfactory treatments. Illumination of extracellular matrix composition and functions in wound healing process will allow for the development of targeted therapies in the future.