What is the path of photovoltaic building (BIPV or BAPV) promotion? --The perspective of evolutionary games

Building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) and building attached photovoltaic (BAPV), as two main modes of combining photovoltaic (PV) technology with buildings, have differences in construction cost, technical complexity, environmental benefits, government promotion efforts, etc. It is of great significance to explore the path transformation law of photovoltaic building promotion under different scenarios. The evolutionary game model of the government, investors, and photovoltaic companies is constructed. After verifying the rationality of the model, this paper uses MATLAB to simulate the model based on project data. The findings indicate that: (1) the increasing subsidies for BIPV and BAPV will promote the development of the two PV building submarkets, but the overall trend of the PV building market will remain the same; (2) lowering the incremental cost of BIPV for investors or increasing the initial investment intention has a positive impact on the BIPV market formation; (3) the research & development (R&D) cost of BIPV and BAPV for PV producers affects the production intention.