Seismic Enhancement Techniques for Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings: A Contemporary Review

Earthquakes, as a common natural disaster, frequently occur in close proximity to human activities. Researchers have developed a series of techniques to enhance the seismic performance of typical reinforced concrete frame structures, thereby improving these buildings’ ability to protect human life. How to retrofit and upgrade existing reinforced concrete frame structures with insufficient seismic performance in accordance with current codes and policy requirements, and how to appropriately incorporate new seismic isolation and energy dissipation technologies to enhance their seismic performance, are the focus of this study. This study adopts a data-driven approach that combines both quantitative and qualitative analyses. Relevant literature was collected from the Web of Science database using specific search criteria. This study visualizes both the historical and recent trends within the scientific field and analyzes keyword frequency to identify key areas for future research. Based on frame structures, the paper reviews novel seismic enhancement techniques for structural systems, including frame–shear wall systems, energy-dissipating buckling-restrained braces (BRBs), and seismic isolation bearings. By integrating traditional structural systems with new technologies, a novel structural system is established to ensure the safety of buildings in high-intensity seismic hazard zones. The results indicate that compared with traditional reinforced concrete frame structures, the new structural system increases energy dissipation by approximately 45% on average. Among these techniques, seismic isolation technology, although more costly, exhibits the best seismic performance and is suitable for new high-priority projects; BRB technology offers a balance between economy and effectiveness, making it the first choice for retrofitting existing buildings; and the frame–shear wall system requires an optimized layout to enhance its cost effectiveness.