Unleashing the potential of industry viable roll-to-roll compatible technologies for perovskite solar cells: Challenges and prospects

In recent years, research on organic inorganic hybrid halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has surged, achieving a power conversion efficiency over 26%. Despite this progress, significant challenges hinder their commercial viability, and limited stability in typical environmental conditions, and the lack of scalable manufacturing technology for perovskite film production. This review explores various deposition techniques used in large-scale fabrication of perovskite thin-films, including electrospray inkjet, gravure printing, blade coating, slot die, spray coating, inkjet printing, and chemical vapor deposition etc. These techniques are adaptable to both sheet-to-sheet (S2S) and roll-to-roll (R2R) applications, facilitating high-volume production of large-area thin films. The work clarifies the key parameters influencing perovskite film morphology in each deposition approach and concludes with insights into promising engineering advancements for future iterations aimed at enhancing perovskite solar cell technology.