Electric field simulation, structure and properties of nanofiber- coated yarn prepared by multi-needle water bath electrospinning

Abstract To address the issue of low yield in the preparation of nanofiber materials using single-needle electrospinning technology, multi-needle electrospinning technology has emerged as a crucial solution for mass production. However, the mutual interference of multiple electric fields between the needles can cause significant randomness in the morphology of the produced nanofibers. To better predict the influence of electric field distribution on nanofiber morphology, simulation analysis of the multi-needle arrangement was conducted using finite element analysis (FEA) software. Nanofiber-coated yarn was produced continuously with the core yarn rotating. The water bath was utilized as the receiver of nanofibers on self-made water bath electrospinning equipment. The electric field distribution and mutual interference under seven different needle arrangements was simulated and analyzed by FEA software ANSYS Maxwell. The results indicated that when the needles were arranged diagonally in a staggered pattern and directly above the core yarn, the simulated electric field distribution was relatively uniform, with less mutual interference. The produced nanofibers exhibited a finer diameter and the diameter distribution was more concentrated. In addition, the nanofiber coating showed higher crystallinity and better mechanical properties.