Review on Key Development of Magnetic Bearings

A magnetic suspension bearing is a device that suspends the rotating shaft in a balanced position by magnetic force, thereby eliminating the friction between the rotor and the stator. Different from traditional bearing support methods, magnetic bearings show significant advantages in terms of speed, accuracy, and loss. Because there is no contact, magnetic bearings enable high-speed operation, precise control, and zero friction. Magnetic bearings, with their excellent performance, are widely applied in fields such as industrial production, flywheel energy storage, and aerospace. However, with the continuous growth of the demand for high-performance bearings and the deepening of the concept of low-carbon and environmental protection, breakthroughs in the key technologies of magnetic bearings are urgently needed. In this paper, relevant research on magnetic bearings is summarized. Magnetic bearings are classified according to the different ways in which they generate suspension forces. Research on the topological structure design, mathematical modeling, and control strategies of the magnetic bearing system is covered. The aim is to provide readers and researchers with a comprehensive overview of the key technologies of magnetic bearings from a new perspective.