Gas-solid catalytic reactions over ruthenium-based catalysts

Ruthenium (Ru)-based catalysts are widely employed in several types of gas-solid reactions because of their high catalytic activities. This review provides theoretical research on Ru-based catalysts and an analysis of their basic properties and oxidation behavior. There is particular emphasis on Ru-catalyzed gas-solid catalytic reactions, including the catalytic oxidation of VOCs, preferential oxidation of CO, synthesis of ammonia, oxidation of HCl and partial oxidation of CH 4 . Recent literature on catalysis is summarized and compared. Finally, we describe current challenges in the field and propose approaches for future development of Ru-based catalysts. The activity of Ru/RuO 2 has been illuminated on the atomic scale by the method of combining experiment and theory. Due to their high catalytic activity, Ru-based catalysts are widely used in all kinds of gas-solid reactions including catalytic oxidation of VOCs, preferential CO oxidation, ammonia synthesis, HCl oxidation and CH 4 partial oxidation. The basic properties, oxidation behavior, and theoretical research are also summarized.