The de novo engineering of pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase for genetic incorporation of l-phenylalanine and its derivatives

Using evolved pyrrolysyl-tRNA synthetase–tRNAPylCUA pairs, L-phenylalanine, p-iodo-L-phenylalanine and p-bromo-L-phenylalanine have been genetically incorporated into proteins at amber mutation sites in E. coli.