Using Genetic Algorithms for Water Distribution System Optimization

Computer optimization models are vital for the evaluation and management of hydraulic infrastructure systems. While many water distribution optimization algorithms have been developed few are currently in practical use by water utilities mainly due to the lack of suitable packaging, maintenance, and support. This paper describes the development of a comprehensive decision support system for use in the effective management of water distribution piping systems. The developed software integrates geographical information system for spatial database management and analysis with optimization theory in a built-in AutoCAD interface to provide a computer aided decision-support tool for water engineers. The interactive graphical interface offers an informative structured framework for spatial data collection and management, network optimization, and results presentation. The optimization model uses an efficient variation of the genetic algorithm for solving network model calibration, field sampling design, pump scheduling, and network design and rehabilitation problems in an optimal fashion. The integrated software system will greatly assist water utilities in planning, designing, and operating sound systems and in optimizing their capital improvement programs.