Objective To study the mRNA expressions of the high mobility group protein box-1(HMGB1)in the myocardium of rats with sepsis.Methods Sixty of Wistar rats were subjected to an operation of cecal ligation puncture(CLP)and then randomly divided into 2 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h groups;and set up a normal group and a sham group with 10 rats each.The mRNA expressions of HMGB1 in cardiac muscles were taken to assay through the technique of real time PCR after operation.Results The average expression of HMGB1 mRNA in cardiac muscle of the rat with sepsis was significantly higher than that in both the normal group and the sham group control at CLP 24 h,and peaked at CLP 48 h.There were statistical significances among groups(P 0.05),indicating the time dependent increase of the expression of HMGB1 mRNA in cardiac muscle of rats with sepsis.Conclusions The expression of HMGB1 is increased in the cardiomyum in rats with sepsis,further study is needed to understand how HMGB1 and sepsis induce myocardial suppression.