Hybrid energy sharing considering network cost for prosumers in integrated energy systems

• Improves traditional energy sharing method by considering joint energy cost and network cost of hybrid electric and heat systems. • Builds the non-cooperation model of prosumers and calculates the Nash Equilibrium via the iterated best responds algorithm, cutting down the total cost by 20% compared with the initial cost. • Balances uncertainty risks caused by fluctuation of photovoltaic output and rewards through CVaR optimization, reducing 10.2% of the cost under extremity abnormal conditions compared with the initial cost. • Optimizes the energy sharing over network users with a comprehensive view of the total cost, reducing electric peak load by 25% and the thermal peak load by 21%. The integrated energy system (IES) is developed to enhance the flexibility and efficiency of prosumers in the energy system. However, the current energy sharing method normally focuses on the energy cost and ignores the network cost, which constitutes a quarter of the prosumers’ electricity bills. It impacts energy sharing significantly. This paper proposes a hybrid energy sharing strategy for prosumers considering the electric and thermal network cost, to reduce the total cost. Firstly, the total cost of the prosumer is modelled based on joint energy-network cost. Secondly, the impact of uncertainty from renewables on the total cost is evaluated via the conditional value at risk. Thirdly, the non-cooperative game among prosumers is modelled and the existence of pure strategy equilibrium is proved. Then, the iterated best response algorithm based on differential evolution using limited information is proposed to protect personal privacy. Finally, the rationality and effectiveness of the model and the optimization method are verified by a coupled electricity-heat IES. The results show that the proposed model can reduce the energy consumption cost of prosumers and improve the penetration of renewable energy.