Structure of phytoplankton functional groups in the ecological farming crab ponds

为探究河蟹生态养殖池浮游植物群落的结构及动态，2013年4-10月对上海松江泖港地区河蟹养殖池的浮游植物进行了调查，分析其种类构成、密度、生物量和生物多样性.共检测到浮游植物105种，其中河蟹生态养殖池优势种11种，分别属于B、D、J、L_O、X1、W_O、X2、S1和MP功能群.河蟹养殖池浮游植物平均密度为282.58×10⁴ cells/L，平均生物量为1.59 mg/L，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围为2.11～3.09.水源浮游植物平均密度为175.13×10⁴ cells/L，平均生物量为0.99 mg/L，Shannon-Wiener多样性指数变化范围为1.70～2.79.河蟹养殖池浮游植物平均密度分别于5月14日6月14日和7月29日8月29日与水源差异显著；河蟹养殖池浮游植物平均生物量分别于5月30日、6月14日和7月29日8月29日与水源差异显著；河蟹养殖池浮游植物Shannon-Wiener生物多样性指数分别于5月14日6月14日和8月14日9月15日与水源差异显著.河蟹养殖池浮游植物的平均密度、平均生物量和生物多样性指数与水源水体变化趋势基本一致，均高于水源，群落稳定.;In order to explore the influence of phytoplankton community structure in the ecological farming crab pond, we collected phytoplankton from the crab ponds and the source of water from April to October 2013in Maogang Town, Songjiang District, Shanghai. The phytoplankton species composition, density, biomass and biodiversity were analyzed. 11 dominant species of all 105 phytoplankton species were detected, finding that the B, D, J, L_O, X1, W_O, X2, S1, MP were the common species in the ecological farming crab ponds. Average density of the biological pond phytoplankton was 282.58×10⁴ cells/L, the average biomass was 1.59 mg/L, and the range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 2.11 to 3.09. Average density of the phytoplankton biomass from the water source samples was 175.13×10⁴ cells/L, the average biomass was 0.99 mg/L, and the range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index changed from 1.70 to 2.79. Average density of phytoplankton in crab pool was significantly higher than that in the river water during two periods from May 14 to June 14 and from July 29 to Aug. 29. The average crab pool phytoplankton biomass was significantly higher than that in the source of water at days of May 30, June 14, and from July 29 to Aug. 29. Phytoplankton Shannon-Wiener diversity was significantly higher than that in the source of water in periods from May 14 to June 14 and from Aug. 14 to Sept.15. In summary, the crab pond phytoplankton species, density, biomass and biodiversity with much stable community were higher than those in the source of water.