Transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal the mechanisms of enhanced constitutive resistance in rice (Oryza Sativa L.) by silica nanomaterials

Silica NMs promoted physical (trichomes, dumbbell-shaped silica cells, and lignin content) and chemical barriers (total phenolics and proline) against pathogen and insects by triggering jasmonic acid and salicylic acid pathways in rice.