医学
肺动脉高压
串扰
壁细胞
细胞外基质
生物
细胞生物学
电池类型
发病机制
内皮干细胞
血管平滑肌
血小板衍生生长因子
生长因子
癌症研究
免疫学
细胞
内分泌学
血小板源性生长因子受体
内科学
平滑肌
体外
受体
物理
光学
生物化学
遗传学
作者
Eunate Gallardo-Vara,Aglaia Ntokou,Jui M. Dave,Daniel G Jovin,Fatima Zahra Saddouk,Daniel M. Greif
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.healun.2022.12.012
摘要
Pulmonary hypertension (PH), increased blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, is a morbid and lethal disease. PH is classified into several groups based on etiology, but pathological remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature is a common feature. Endothelial cell dysfunction and excess smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration are central to the vascular pathogenesis. In addition, other cell types, including fibroblasts, pericytes, inflammatory cells and platelets contribute as well. Herein, we briefly note most of the main cell types active in PH and for each cell type, highlight select signaling pathway(s) highly implicated in that cell type in this disease. Among others, the role of hypoxia-inducible factors, growth factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor-β and bone morphogenetic protein), vasoactive molecules, NOTCH3, Kruppel-like factor 4 and forkhead box proteins are discussed. Additionally, deregulated processes of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, extracellular matrix remodeling and intercellular crosstalk are noted. This brief review touches upon select critical facets of PH pathobiology and aims to incite further investigation that will result in discoveries with much-needed clinical impact for this devastating disease.
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