材料科学
热电性
钛酸铅
表征(材料科学)
薄膜
腔磁控管
光电子学
铅(地质)
溅射沉积
钛酸酯
复合材料
工程物理
铁电性
电介质
陶瓷
溅射
纳米技术
工程类
地貌学
地质学
作者
Morteza Fathipour,Yingyue Xu,Mukti Rana
出处
期刊:Materials
[MDPI AG]
日期:2024-01-25
卷期号:17 (3): 589-589
摘要
Pyroelectric materials are naturally electrically polarized and exhibits a built-in spontaneous polarization in their unit cell structure even in the absence of any externally applied electric field. These materials are regarded as one of the ideal detector elements for infrared applications because they have a fast response time and uniform sensitivity at room temperature across all wavelengths. Crystals of the perovskite lead titanate (PbTiO3) family show pyroelectric characteristics and undergo structural phase transitions. They have a high Curie temperature (the temperature at which the material changes from the ferroelectric (polar) to the paraelectric (nonpolar) phase), high pyroelectric coefficient, high spontaneous polarization, low dielectric constant, and constitute important component materials not only useful for infrared detection, but also with vast applications in electronic, optic, and MEMS devices. However, the preparation of large perfect and pure single crystals PbTiO3 is challenging. Additionally, difficulties arise in the application of such bulk crystals in terms of connection to processing circuits, large size, and high voltages required for their operation. In this part of the review paper, we explain the electrical behavior and characterization techniques commonly utilized to unravel the pyroelectric properties of lead titanate and its derivatives. Further, it explains how the material preparation techniques affect the electrical characteristics of resulting thin films. It also provides an in-depth discussion of the measurement of pyroelectric coefficients using different techniques.
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